Poetry & Analysis
Selected Poems About Change in Life
Inspirational PoemsI Dwell in Possibility
I DWELL in Possibility
A fairer house than Prose,
More numerous of windows,
Superior of doors.
Of chambers, as the cedars—
Impregnable of eye;
And for an everlasting roof
The gables of the sky.
Of visitors—the fairest—
For occupation—this—
The spreading wide my narrow hands
To gather Paradise.
Overview Short Summary
Dickinson describes poetry and possibility as a large, open house. The poem turns imagination into a place where the speaker can live more freely.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Personal growth and change: The speaker chooses a wider inner life through possibility.
- Imagination: Poetry becomes a house with more windows, doors, and sky.
- Freedom: The poem suggests that creative thought expands the self.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is joyful, imaginative, and expansive. The mood feels open and liberating.
Interpretation Symbols and Their Meaning
- The house: A symbol of the mind, poetry, and creative freedom.
- Windows and doors: Opportunities, perspectives, and ways of entering new understanding.
- Paradise: The fullness of imaginative experience.
There Will Come Soft Rains
There will come soft rains and the smell of the ground,
And swallows circling with their shimmering sound;
And frogs in the pools singing at night,
And wild plum-trees in tremulous white;
Robins will wear their feathery fire
Whistling their whims on a low fence-wire;
And not one will know of the war, not one
Will care at last when it is done.
Not one would mind, neither bird nor tree
If mankind perished utterly;
And Spring herself, when she woke at dawn,
Would scarcely know that we were gone.
Overview Short Summary
Teasdale imagines nature returning after war, unchanged by human destruction. The poem shows spring as gentle and beautiful, but also indifferent to human conflict.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Renewal after destruction: Soft rains, birds, frogs, and trees suggest nature’s return.
- Human smallness: The poem imagines a world where nature continues without mankind.
- Change and loss: The natural world changes seasons, while human war disappears from its concern.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is quiet and haunting. The mood is beautiful but unsettling because the spring landscape appears peaceful after catastrophe.
Literary Technique Imagery and Personification
The poem uses sensory imagery: smell of rain, sound of swallows, frogs at night, white plum-trees, and fiery robins. Spring is personified as a figure waking at dawn.
The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls
The tide rises, the tide falls,
The twilight darkens, the curlew calls;
Along the sea-sands damp and brown
The traveller hastens toward the town,
And the tide rises, the tide falls.
Darkness settles on roofs and walls,
But the sea in the darkness calls and calls;
The little waves, with their soft, white hands,
Efface the footprints in the sands,
And the tide rises, the tide falls.
The morning breaks; the steeds in their stalls
Stamp and neigh, as the hostler calls;
The day returns, but nevermore
Returns the traveller to the shore,
And the tide rises, the tide falls.
Overview Short Summary
Longfellow follows a traveller who leaves footprints by the sea and does not return. The tide continues its natural rhythm, suggesting time, death, and the world’s movement beyond one human life.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Time and change: The repeated tide shows ongoing natural cycles.
- Mortality: The traveller’s absence suggests the finality of death or departure.
- Moving on: Nature erases footprints and continues without pause.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is calm and elegiac. The mood is quiet, mysterious, and resigned.
Close Reading Stanza-by-Stanza Explanation
Stanza 1
The traveller moves toward town while twilight falls. The repeated tide introduces a rhythm larger than human activity.
Stanza 2
Darkness covers the world, and the waves erase the traveller’s footprints. This suggests how time removes visible traces of life.
Stanza 3
Morning returns, but the traveller does not. The contrast between the returning day and the absent traveller makes the poem’s message more powerful.
The Chambered Nautilus
This is the ship of pearl, which, poets feign,
Sailed the unshadowed main,—
The venturous bark that flings
On the sweet summer wind its purpled wings
In gulfs enchanted, where the Siren sings,
And coral reefs lie bare,
Where the cold sea-maids rise to sun their streaming hair.
Its webs of living gauze no more unfurl;
Wrecked is the ship of pearl!
And every chambered cell,
Where its dim dreaming life was wont to dwell,
As the frail tenant shaped his growing shell,
Before thee lies revealed,—
Its irised ceiling rent, its sunless crypt unsealed!
Year after year beheld the silent toil
That spread his lustrous coil;
Still, as the spiral grew,
He left the past year’s dwelling for the new,
Stole with soft step its shining archway through,
Built up its idle door,
Stretched in his last-found home, and knew the old no more.
Thanks for the heavenly message brought by thee,
Child of the wandering sea,
Cast from her lap, forlorn!
From thy dead lips a clearer note is born
Than ever Triton blew from wreathèd horn!
While on mine ear it rings,
Through the deep caves of thought I hear a voice that sings:—
Build thee more stately mansions, O my soul,
As the swift seasons roll!
Leave thy low-vaulted past!
Let each new temple, nobler than the last,
Shut thee from heaven with a dome more vast,
Till thou at length art free,
Leaving thine outgrown shell by life’s unresting sea!
Overview Short Summary
Holmes uses the nautilus shell as a symbol of spiritual growth. As the creature outgrows one chamber and builds another, the poem encourages the soul to leave the past and grow into a larger life.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Change and growth: The nautilus becomes an image of gradual personal development.
- Leaving the past: The shell’s old chambers represent earlier stages of life.
- Spiritual expansion: The poem urges the soul to build “more stately mansions.”
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is inspirational and reverent. The mood shifts from wonder to moral encouragement.
Interpretation Symbols and Their Meaning
- The nautilus shell: A symbol of inner growth and the need to outgrow old limits.
- Chambers: Stages of experience that once held life but must eventually be left behind.
- The sea: Life’s restless movement and mystery.
A Psalm of Life
Tell me not, in mournful numbers,
Life is but an empty dream!—
For the soul is dead that slumbers,
And things are not what they seem.
Life is real! Life is earnest!
And the grave is not its goal;
Dust thou art, to dust returnest,
Was not spoken of the soul.
Not enjoyment, and not sorrow,
Is our destined end or way;
But to act, that each to-morrow
Find us farther than to-day.
Art is long, and Time is fleeting,
And our hearts, though stout and brave,
Still, like muffled drums, are beating
Funeral marches to the grave.
In the world’s broad field of battle,
In the bivouac of Life,
Be not like dumb, driven cattle!
Be a hero in the strife!
Trust no Future, howe’er pleasant!
Let the dead Past bury its dead!
Act,—act in the living Present!
Heart within, and God o’erhead!
Lives of great men all remind us
We can make our lives sublime,
And, departing, leave behind us
Footprints on the sands of time;
Footprints, that perhaps another,
Sailing o’er life’s solemn main,
A forlorn and shipwrecked brother,
Seeing, shall take heart again.
Let us, then, be up and doing,
With a heart for any fate;
Still achieving, still pursuing,
Learn to labor and to wait.
Overview Short Summary
Longfellow argues that life should not be treated as empty or passive. The poem encourages action, courage, growth, and meaningful effort in the present.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Personal growth: Each tomorrow should find people farther than today.
- Action in the present: The poem rejects passive dreaming and calls for purposeful living.
- Legacy: Human lives can leave footprints that help others.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is motivational and urgent. The mood is hopeful, courageous, and forward-moving.
Craft Literary Devices
- Metaphor: Life is presented as a battle, a camp, and a sea journey.
- Repetition: Commands such as “Act” create urgency.
- Imagery: Footprints, drums, battlefields, and the sea give abstract advice concrete shape.
