Poetry & Analysis
Selected Poems
Inspirational PoemsThe Character of a Happy Life
How happy is he born and taught
That serveth not another’s will;
Whose armour is his honest thought,
And simple truth his utmost skill!
Whose passions not his masters are;
Whose soul is still prepared for death,
Untied unto the world by care
Of public fame or private breath;
Who envies none that chance doth raise,
Nor vice; who never understood
How deepest wounds are given by praise;
Nor rules of state, but rules of good;
Who hath his life from rumours freed;
Whose conscience is his strong retreat;
Whose state can neither flatterers feed,
Nor ruin make oppressors great;
Who God doth late and early pray
More of His grace than gifts to lend;
And entertains the harmless day
With a religious book or friend;
—This man is freed from servile bands
Of hope to rise or fear to fall:
Lord of himself, though not of lands,
And having nothing, yet hath all.
Overview Short Summary
Wotton’s poem defines a truthful character through honest thought, simple truth, conscience, and freedom from flattery. It is highly relevant for poems about truth and honesty.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Honesty: The speaker’s armour is honest thought.
- Truthfulness: Simple truth is described as his highest skill.
- Character: The poem connects truth with self-mastery and conscience.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is dignified and instructive. The mood is calm because truth becomes a stable way of life.
Literary Technique Imagery and Symbols
Armour, retreat, servile bands, and lordship symbolize moral independence.
Poetic Form Rhyme Scheme and Structure
The repeated “who” clauses build a full portrait of a truthful life.
For a' That and a' That
Is there, for honest poverty,
That hangs his head, and a’ that?
The coward-slave, we pass him by,
We dare be poor for a’ that!
For a’ that, and a’ that,
Our toils obscure, and a’ that;
The rank is but the guinea stamp;
The man’s the gowd for a’ that.
What though on hamely fare we dine,
Wear hoddin-gray, and a’ that;
Gie fools their silks, and knaves their wine,
A man’s a man for a’ that.
For a’ that, and a’ that,
Their tinsel show, and a’ that;
The honest man, though e’er sae poor,
Is king o’ men for a’ that.
Ye see yon birkie, ca’d a lord,
Wha struts, and stares, and a’ that;
Though hundreds worship at his word,
He’s but a coof for a’ that:
For a’ that, and a’ that,
His riband, star, and a’ that;
The man of independent mind
He looks and laughs at a’ that.
A prince can mak a belted knight,
A marquis, duke, and a’ that;
But an honest man’s aboon his might,
Guid faith, he maunna fa’ that!
For a’ that, and a’ that,
Their dignities, and a’ that,
The pith o’ sense, and pride o’ worth,
Are higher rank than a’ that.
Then let us pray that come it may,
As come it will for a’ that,
That sense and worth, o’er a’ the earth,
Shall bear the gree, and a’ that.
For a’ that, and a’ that,
It’s coming yet for a’ that,
That man to man, the world o’er,
Shall brothers be for a’ that.
Overview Short Summary
Burns connects truth with honest poverty, human equality, and real worth. The poem argues that titles and status are less true than character.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Honest character: The honest person is king of men even if poor.
- Truth over appearance: Rank and title are treated as outer stamps, not inner worth.
- Equality: The final stanza imagines a world where sense and worth prevail.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is bold, democratic, and warm. The mood is hopeful and defiant.
Literary Technique Imagery and Symbols
Guinea stamp, tinsel show, riband, star, and honest poverty symbolize the contrast between appearance and real value.
Poetic Form Rhyme Scheme and Structure
The refrain “for a’ that” gives the poem a song-like democratic energy.
If—
If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too:
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or, being lied about, don’t deal in lies,
Or being hated don’t give way to hating,
And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise;
If you can dream—and not make dreams your master;
If you can think—and not make thoughts your aim,
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same:
If you can bear to hear the truth you’ve spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,
And stoop and build ’em up with worn-out tools;
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss:
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: “Hold on!”
If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with Kings—nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much:
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds’ worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it,
And—which is more—you’ll be a Man, my son!
Overview Short Summary
Kipling’s poem belongs in a truth collection because it asks the reader to remain honest even when lied about and to endure when truth is twisted by others.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Truth under pressure: The poem imagines truthful speech being twisted by dishonest people.
- Integrity: The speaker warns against answering lies with lies.
- Character: Truth is part of a larger discipline of patience and self-control.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is firm, fatherly, and instructive. The mood is strengthening because the poem gives a code for difficult situations.
Literary Technique Imagery and Symbols
Triumph and Disaster are personified as impostors, while worn-out tools and the unforgiving minute symbolize tested character.
Poetic Form Rhyme Scheme and Structure
The repeated conditional structure builds a ladder of moral trials.
The World Is Too Much With Us
The world is too much with us; late and soon,
Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers:
Little we see in Nature that is ours;
We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon!
This Sea that bares her bosom to the moon;
The Winds that will be howling at all hours,
And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers;
For this, for every thing, we are out of tune;
It moves us not.—Great God! I’d rather be
A Pagan suckled in a creed outworn;
So might I, standing on this pleasant lea,
Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn;
Have sight of Proteus coming from the sea;
Or hear old Triton blow his wreathèd horn.
Overview Short Summary
Wordsworth’s sonnet presents a truth of life: material routine can make people spiritually numb. The poem fits deep poems about truth because it reveals what modern life can hide.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Truth of life: The poem says getting and spending waste human powers.
- Reality and illusion: People think they gain the world but lose their hearts.
- Nature’s truth: The sea, wind, and moon reveal a deeper reality.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is mournful, frustrated, and visionary. The mood is restless because the speaker feels the world has gone out of tune.
Literary Technique Imagery and Symbols
Sea, moon, winds, sleeping flowers, Proteus, and Triton symbolize the natural and mythic truth people no longer perceive.
Poetic Form Rhyme Scheme and Structure
The sonnet form moves from complaint to a desperate wish for a more awakened vision.
Ozymandias
I met a traveller from an antique land,
Who said—”Two vast and trunkless legs of stone
Stand in the desert. . . . Near them, on the sand,
Half sunk a shattered visage lies, whose frown,
And wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command,
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,
The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed:
And on the pedestal, these words appear:
‘My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!’
Nothing beside remains. Round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare
The lone and level sands stretch far away.
Overview Short Summary
Shelley’s poem reveals a painful truth about pride, power, and time. The king’s boast remains, but the empire is gone.
Core Ideas Main Themes
- Truth of power: Political power does not last forever.
- Irony: The command to despair is answered by emptiness.
- Time: The desert outlasts the king’s ambition.
Emotional Effect Tone and Mood
The tone is ironic and severe. The mood is desolate because human pride has become ruins.
Literary Technique Imagery and Symbols
The broken statue, shattered face, pedestal, desert, and sands symbolize the collapse of worldly power.
Poetic Form Rhyme Scheme and Structure
The sonnet contains a whole empire’s boast and disappearance in one tight scene.
